Aula 31 - Mapas

Módulo 3: Apresentando suas análises

Carolina Musso

PROFESP, DEMSP, MS

Esta semana

Aula 31 - Mapas

  • O que é GIS, como usar ggplot para Mapas …

Aula 32 - Meu primeiro Mapa

  • Mapa do Brasil usando shapefiles salvos no computador..

Aula 33 - Mapas Iterativos

  • Um gostinho de mapas iterativos para dashboards

Leituras para aprofundamento

Termos importantes

  • Geographic Information System (GIS)

    • Gis e ArcGis
  • Vetor: Pontos, linhas e polígonos

  • Raster: Pixels

Como essas informações estão armazenadas?

  • Geralmente em Shapefiles

    • coleção de arquivos: .shp, .shx, and .dbf. ou mais…

    • Localização na superfície da terra

    • Sistema de coordenadas

Como importar isso para o R?

  • Pacotes, baixam direto os shapefiles

    • brazilmaps, geobr, naturalearth…
  • Ler de shapefiles no disco (seu computurador)

Atenção!

  • Não é um dataframe

  • Mas não importa, vamos fingir que é

Resumidamente

  1. Importar duas bases (seus dados e shapefiles)
  2. Fazer o join
  3. Fazer um mapa como se fosse um ggplot

Iniciando

Pacotes

rm(list=ls())  #limpa  o ambient
if (!require(pacman)) install.packages("pacman") #garante que tem o pacman
pacman::p_load(tidyverse, rio, sf, rnaturalearth, geobr, 
               lubridate, ggspatial, ggthemes, gsubfn) 

pacman::p_install_gh("yutannihilation/ggsflabel")

Bases

# BANCOS DE CASOS----

#MUNDO
#banco bruto da OMS, como é baixado da internet, Casos Covid
who_bruto <- import("https://covid19.who.int/WHO-COVID-19-global-data.csv")


# SHAPEFILES ----

#MUNDO
mundo <- ne_countries(scale = "medium", returnclass = "sf") 
mundo
Simple feature collection with 242 features and 168 fields
Geometry type: MULTIPOLYGON
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: -180 ymin: -89.99893 xmax: 180 ymax: 83.59961
Geodetic CRS:  WGS 84
First 10 features:
        featurecla scalerank labelrank                     sovereignt sov_a3
1  Admin-0 country         1         3                       Zimbabwe    ZWE
2  Admin-0 country         1         3                         Zambia    ZMB
3  Admin-0 country         1         3                          Yemen    YEM
4  Admin-0 country         3         2                        Vietnam    VNM
5  Admin-0 country         5         3                      Venezuela    VEN
6  Admin-0 country         6         6                        Vatican    VAT
7  Admin-0 country         1         4                        Vanuatu    VUT
8  Admin-0 country         1         3                     Uzbekistan    UZB
9  Admin-0 country         1         4                        Uruguay    URY
10 Admin-0 country         3         6 Federated States of Micronesia    FSM
   adm0_dif level              type tlc                          admin adm0_a3
1         0     2 Sovereign country   1                       Zimbabwe     ZWE
2         0     2 Sovereign country   1                         Zambia     ZMB
3         0     2 Sovereign country   1                          Yemen     YEM
4         0     2 Sovereign country   1                        Vietnam     VNM
5         0     2 Sovereign country   1                      Venezuela     VEN
6         0     2 Sovereign country   1                        Vatican     VAT
7         0     2 Sovereign country   1                        Vanuatu     VUT
8         0     2 Sovereign country   1                     Uzbekistan     UZB
9         0     2 Sovereign country   1                        Uruguay     URY
10        0     2 Sovereign country   1 Federated States of Micronesia     FSM
   geou_dif                        geounit gu_a3 su_dif
1         0                       Zimbabwe   ZWE      0
2         0                         Zambia   ZMB      0
3         0                          Yemen   YEM      0
4         0                        Vietnam   VNM      0
5         0                      Venezuela   VEN      0
6         0                        Vatican   VAT      0
7         0                        Vanuatu   VUT      0
8         0                     Uzbekistan   UZB      0
9         0                        Uruguay   URY      0
10        0 Federated States of Micronesia   FSM      0
                          subunit su_a3 brk_diff       name
1                        Zimbabwe   ZWE        0   Zimbabwe
2                          Zambia   ZMB        0     Zambia
3                           Yemen   YEM        0      Yemen
4                         Vietnam   VNM        0    Vietnam
5                       Venezuela   VEN        0  Venezuela
6                         Vatican   VAT        0    Vatican
7                         Vanuatu   VUT        0    Vanuatu
8                      Uzbekistan   UZB        0 Uzbekistan
9                         Uruguay   URY        0    Uruguay
10 Federated States of Micronesia   FSM        0 Micronesia
                        name_long brk_a3   brk_name brk_group abbrev postal
1                        Zimbabwe    ZWE   Zimbabwe      <NA>  Zimb.     ZW
2                          Zambia    ZMB     Zambia      <NA> Zambia     ZM
3                           Yemen    YEM      Yemen      <NA>   Yem.     YE
4                         Vietnam    VNM    Vietnam      <NA>  Viet.     VN
5                       Venezuela    VEN  Venezuela      <NA>   Ven.     VE
6                         Vatican    VAT    Vatican      <NA>   Vat.      V
7                         Vanuatu    VUT    Vanuatu      <NA>   Van.     VU
8                      Uzbekistan    UZB Uzbekistan      <NA>   Uzb.     UZ
9                         Uruguay    URY    Uruguay      <NA>   Ury.     UY
10 Federated States of Micronesia    FSM Micronesia      <NA> F.S.M.    FSM
                          formal_en                          formal_fr
1              Republic of Zimbabwe                               <NA>
2                Republic of Zambia                               <NA>
3                 Republic of Yemen                               <NA>
4     Socialist Republic of Vietnam                               <NA>
5  Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela República Bolivariana de Venezuela
6         State of the Vatican City                               <NA>
7               Republic of Vanuatu                               <NA>
8            Republic of Uzbekistan                               <NA>
9      Oriental Republic of Uruguay                               <NA>
10   Federated States of Micronesia                               <NA>
                        name_ciawf note_adm0 note_brk
1                         Zimbabwe      <NA>     <NA>
2                           Zambia      <NA>     <NA>
3                            Yemen      <NA>     <NA>
4                          Vietnam      <NA>     <NA>
5                        Venezuela      <NA>     <NA>
6          Holy See (Vatican City)      <NA>     <NA>
7                          Vanuatu      <NA>     <NA>
8                       Uzbekistan      <NA>     <NA>
9                          Uruguay      <NA>     <NA>
10 Micronesia, Federated States of      <NA>     <NA>
                         name_sort name_alt mapcolor7 mapcolor8 mapcolor9
1                         Zimbabwe     <NA>         1         5         3
2                           Zambia     <NA>         5         8         5
3                      Yemen, Rep.     <NA>         5         3         3
4                          Vietnam     <NA>         5         6         5
5                    Venezuela, RB     <NA>         1         3         1
6               Vatican (Holy See) Holy See         1         3         4
7                          Vanuatu     <NA>         6         3         7
8                       Uzbekistan     <NA>         2         3         5
9                          Uruguay     <NA>         1         2         2
10 Micronesia, Federated States of     <NA>         5         2         4
   mapcolor13  pop_est pop_rank pop_year gdp_md gdp_year
1           9 14645468       14     2019  21440     2019
2          13 17861030       14     2019  23309     2019
3          11 29161922       15     2019  22581     2019
4           4 96462106       16     2019 261921     2019
5           4 28515829       15     2019 482359     2014
6           2      825        2     2019    -99     2019
7           3   299882       10     2019    934     2019
8           4 33580650       15     2019  57921     2019
9          10  3461734       12     2019  56045     2019
10         13   113815        9     2019    401     2018
                      economy              income_grp fips_10 iso_a2 iso_a2_eh
1     5. Emerging region: G20           5. Low income      ZI     ZW        ZW
2   7. Least developed region  4. Lower middle income      ZA     ZM        ZM
3   7. Least developed region  4. Lower middle income      YM     YE        YE
4     5. Emerging region: G20  4. Lower middle income      VM     VN        VN
5     5. Emerging region: G20  3. Upper middle income      VE     VE        VE
6  2. Developed region: nonG7 2. High income: nonOECD      VT     VA        VA
7   7. Least developed region  4. Lower middle income      NH     VU        VU
8        6. Developing region  4. Lower middle income      UZ     UZ        UZ
9     5. Emerging region: G20  3. Upper middle income      UY     UY        UY
10       6. Developing region  4. Lower middle income      FM     FM        FM
   iso_a3 iso_a3_eh iso_n3 iso_n3_eh un_a3 wb_a2 wb_a3   woe_id woe_id_eh
1     ZWE       ZWE    716       716   716    ZW   ZWE 23425004  23425004
2     ZMB       ZMB    894       894   894    ZM   ZMB 23425003  23425003
3     YEM       YEM    887       887   887    RY   YEM 23425002  23425002
4     VNM       VNM    704       704   704    VN   VNM 23424984  23424984
5     VEN       VEN    862       862   862    VE   VEN 23424982  23424982
6     VAT       VAT    336       336   336   -99   -99 23424986  23424986
7     VUT       VUT    548       548   548    VU   VUT 23424907  23424907
8     UZB       UZB    860       860   860    UZ   UZB 23424980  23424980
9     URY       URY    858       858   858    UY   URY 23424979  23424979
10    FSM       FSM    583       583   583    FM   FSM 23424815  23424815
                     woe_note adm0_iso adm0_diff adm0_tlc adm0_a3_us adm0_a3_fr
1  Exact WOE match as country      ZWE      <NA>      ZWE        ZWE        ZWE
2  Exact WOE match as country      ZMB      <NA>      ZMB        ZMB        ZMB
3  Exact WOE match as country      YEM      <NA>      YEM        YEM        YEM
4  Exact WOE match as country      VNM      <NA>      VNM        VNM        VNM
5  Exact WOE match as country      VEN      <NA>      VEN        VEN        VEN
6  Exact WOE match as country      VAT      <NA>      VAT        VAT        VAT
7  Exact WOE match as country      VUT      <NA>      VUT        VUT        VUT
8  Exact WOE match as country      UZB      <NA>      UZB        UZB        UZB
9  Exact WOE match as country      URY      <NA>      URY        URY        URY
10 Exact WOE match as country      FSM      <NA>      FSM        FSM        FSM
   adm0_a3_ru adm0_a3_es adm0_a3_cn adm0_a3_tw adm0_a3_in adm0_a3_np adm0_a3_pk
1         ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE
2         ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB
3         YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM
4         VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM
5         VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN
6         VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT
7         VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT
8         UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB
9         URY        URY        URY        URY        URY        URY        URY
10        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM
   adm0_a3_de adm0_a3_gb adm0_a3_br adm0_a3_il adm0_a3_ps adm0_a3_sa adm0_a3_eg
1         ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE
2         ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB
3         YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM
4         VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM
5         VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN
6         VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT
7         VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT
8         UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB
9         URY        URY        URY        URY        URY        URY        URY
10        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM
   adm0_a3_ma adm0_a3_pt adm0_a3_ar adm0_a3_jp adm0_a3_ko adm0_a3_vn adm0_a3_tr
1         ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE
2         ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB
3         YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM
4         VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM
5         VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN
6         VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT
7         VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT
8         UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB
9         URY        URY        URY        URY        URY        URY        URY
10        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM
   adm0_a3_id adm0_a3_pl adm0_a3_gr adm0_a3_it adm0_a3_nl adm0_a3_se adm0_a3_bd
1         ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE        ZWE
2         ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB        ZMB
3         YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM        YEM
4         VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM        VNM
5         VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN        VEN
6         VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT        VAT
7         VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT        VUT
8         UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB        UZB
9         URY        URY        URY        URY        URY        URY        URY
10        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM        FSM
   adm0_a3_ua adm0_a3_un adm0_a3_wb     continent region_un          subregion
1         ZWE        -99        -99        Africa    Africa     Eastern Africa
2         ZMB        -99        -99        Africa    Africa     Eastern Africa
3         YEM        -99        -99          Asia      Asia       Western Asia
4         VNM        -99        -99          Asia      Asia South-Eastern Asia
5         VEN        -99        -99 South America  Americas      South America
6         VAT        -99        -99        Europe    Europe    Southern Europe
7         VUT        -99        -99       Oceania   Oceania          Melanesia
8         UZB        -99        -99          Asia      Asia       Central Asia
9         URY        -99        -99 South America  Americas      South America
10        FSM        -99        -99       Oceania   Oceania         Micronesia
                    region_wb name_len long_len abbrev_len tiny homepart
1          Sub-Saharan Africa        8        8          5  -99        1
2          Sub-Saharan Africa        6        6          6  -99        1
3  Middle East & North Africa        5        5          4  -99        1
4         East Asia & Pacific        7        7          5    2        1
5   Latin America & Caribbean        9        9          4  -99        1
6       Europe & Central Asia        7        7          4    4        1
7         East Asia & Pacific        7        7          4    2        1
8       Europe & Central Asia       10       10          4    5        1
9   Latin America & Caribbean        7        7          4  -99        1
10        East Asia & Pacific       10       30          6  -99        1
   min_zoom min_label max_label   label_x    label_y      ne_id wikidataid
1         0       2.5       8.0  29.92544 -18.911640 1159321441       Q954
2         0       3.0       8.0  26.39530 -14.660804 1159321439       Q953
3         0       3.0       8.0  45.87438  15.328226 1159321425       Q805
4         0       2.0       7.0 105.38729  21.715416 1159321417       Q881
5         0       2.5       7.5 -64.59938   7.182476 1159321411       Q717
6         0       5.0      10.0  12.45342  41.903323 1159321407       Q237
7         0       4.0       9.0 166.90876 -15.371530 1159321421       Q686
8         0       3.0       8.0  64.00543  41.693603 1159321405       Q265
9         0       3.0       8.0 -55.96694 -32.961127 1159321353        Q77
10        0       5.0      10.0 158.23402   6.887553 1159320691       Q702
                     name_ar              name_bn
1                   زيمبابوي             জিম্বাবুয়ে
2                     زامبيا              জাম্বিয়া
3                      اليمن               ইয়েমেন
4                     فيتنام             ভিয়েতনাম
5                    فنزويلا            ভেনেজুয়েলা
6                  الفاتيكان        ভ্যাটিকান সিটি
7                    فانواتو               ভানুয়াতু
8                  أوزبكستان           উজবেকিস্তান
9                 الأوروغواي                উরুগুয়ে
10 ولايات ميكرونيسيا المتحدة মাইক্রোনেশিয়া যুক্তরাজ্য
                              name_de                        name_en
1                            Simbabwe                       Zimbabwe
2                              Sambia                         Zambia
3                               Jemen                          Yemen
4                             Vietnam                        Vietnam
5                           Venezuela                      Venezuela
6                        Vatikanstadt                   Vatican City
7                             Vanuatu                        Vanuatu
8                          Usbekistan                     Uzbekistan
9                             Uruguay                        Uruguay
10 Föderierte Staaten von Mikronesien Federated States of Micronesia
                           name_es  name_fa                     name_fr
1                         Zimbabue زیمبابوه                    Zimbabwe
2                           Zambia   زامبیا                      Zambie
3                            Yemen      یمن                       Yémen
4                          Vietnam   ویتنام                    Viêt Nam
5                        Venezuela  ونزوئلا                   Venezuela
6              Ciudad del Vaticano  واتیکان             Cité du Vatican
7                          Vanuatu  وانواتو                     Vanuatu
8                       Uzbekistán ازبکستان                 Ouzbékistan
9                          Uruguay  اروگوئه                     Uruguay
10 Estados Federados de Micronesia میکرونزی États fédérés de Micronésie
                                name_el       name_he                  name_hi
1                            Ζιμπάμπουε      זימבבואה                  ज़िम्बाब्वे
2                                Ζάμπια         זמביה                  ज़ाम्बिया
3                                Υεμένη          תימן                      यमन
4                               Βιετνάμ       וייטנאם                  वियतनाम
5                            Βενεζουέλα       ונצואלה                   वेनेज़ुएला
6                              Βατικανό קריית הוותיקן                वैटिकन नगर
7                             Βανουάτου        ונואטו                    वानूआटू
8                          Ουζμπεκιστάν     אוזבקיסטן                उज़्बेकिस्तान
9                            Ουρουγουάη     אורוגוואי                     उरुग्वे
10 Ομόσπονδες Πολιτείες της Μικρονησίας     מיקרונזיה माइक्रोनेशिया के संघीकृत राज्य
                          name_hu    name_id                      name_it
1                        Zimbabwe   Zimbabwe                     Zimbabwe
2                          Zambia     Zambia                       Zambia
3                           Jemen      Yaman                        Yemen
4                         Vietnám    Vietnam                      Vietnam
5                       Venezuela  Venezuela                    Venezuela
6                         Vatikán    Vatikan           Città del Vaticano
7                         Vanuatu    Vanuatu                      Vanuatu
8                     Üzbegisztán Uzbekistan                   Uzbekistan
9                         Uruguay    Uruguay                      Uruguay
10 Mikronéziai Szövetségi Államok Mikronesia Stati Federati di Micronesia
            name_ja           name_ko      name_nl    name_pl     name_pt
1        ジンバブエ          짐바브웨     Zimbabwe   Zimbabwe    Zimbábue
2          ザンビア            잠비아       Zambia     Zambia      Zâmbia
3          イエメン              예멘        Jemen      Jemen       Iémen
4          ベトナム            베트남      Vietnam    Wietnam    Vietname
5        ベネズエラ        베네수엘라    Venezuela  Wenezuela   Venezuela
6          バチカン       바티칸 시국 Vaticaanstad    Watykan    Vaticano
7          バヌアツ          바누아투      Vanuatu    Vanuatu     Vanuatu
8    ウズベキスタン      우즈베키스탄  Oezbekistan Uzbekistan Uzbequistão
9        ウルグアイ          우루과이      Uruguay    Urugwaj     Uruguai
10 ミクロネシア連邦 미크로네시아 연방   Micronesia Mikronezja  Micronésia
      name_ru                   name_sv    name_tr    name_uk      name_ur
1    Зимбабве                  Zimbabwe   Zimbabve   Зімбабве      زمبابوے
2      Замбия                    Zambia    Zambiya     Замбія       زیمبیا
3       Йемен                     Jemen      Yemen       Ємен          یمن
4     Вьетнам                   Vietnam    Vietnam    В'єтнам       ویتنام
5   Венесуэла                 Venezuela  Venezuela  Венесуела    وینیزویلا
6     Ватикан             Vatikanstaten    Vatikan    Ватикан   ویٹیکن سٹی
7     Вануату                   Vanuatu    Vanuatu    Вануату      وانواتو
8  Узбекистан                Uzbekistan Özbekistan Узбекистан     ازبکستان
9     Уругвай                   Uruguay    Uruguay    Уругвай     یوراگوئے
10 Микронезия Mikronesiska federationen Mikronezya Мікронезія مائیکرونیشیا
         name_vi          name_zh         name_zht      fclass_iso tlc_diff
1       Zimbabwe         津巴布韦           辛巴威 Admin-0 country     <NA>
2         Zambia           赞比亚           尚比亞 Admin-0 country     <NA>
3          Yemen             也门             葉門 Admin-0 country     <NA>
4       Việt Nam             越南             越南 Admin-0 country     <NA>
5      Venezuela         委内瑞拉         委內瑞拉 Admin-0 country     <NA>
6  Thành Vatican           梵蒂冈           梵蒂岡 Admin-0 country     <NA>
7        Vanuatu         瓦努阿图           萬那杜 Admin-0 country     <NA>
8     Uzbekistan     乌兹别克斯坦         烏茲別克 Admin-0 country     <NA>
9        Uruguay           乌拉圭           烏拉圭 Admin-0 country     <NA>
10    Micronesia 密克罗尼西亚联邦 密克羅尼西亞聯邦 Admin-0 country     <NA>
        fclass_tlc fclass_us fclass_fr fclass_ru fclass_es fclass_cn fclass_tw
1  Admin-0 country      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
2  Admin-0 country      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
3  Admin-0 country      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
4  Admin-0 country      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
5  Admin-0 country      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
6  Admin-0 country      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
7  Admin-0 country      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
8  Admin-0 country      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
9  Admin-0 country      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
10 Admin-0 country      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
   fclass_in fclass_np fclass_pk fclass_de fclass_gb fclass_br fclass_il
1       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
2       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
3       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
4       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
5       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
6       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
7       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
8       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
9       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
10      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
   fclass_ps fclass_sa fclass_eg fclass_ma fclass_pt fclass_ar fclass_jp
1       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
2       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
3       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
4       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
5       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
6       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
7       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
8       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
9       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
10      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
   fclass_ko fclass_vn fclass_tr fclass_id fclass_pl fclass_gr fclass_it
1       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
2       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
3       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
4       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
5       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
6       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
7       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
8       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
9       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
10      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>
   fclass_nl fclass_se fclass_bd fclass_ua                       geometry
1       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA> MULTIPOLYGON (((31.28789 -2...
2       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA> MULTIPOLYGON (((30.39609 -1...
3       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA> MULTIPOLYGON (((53.08564 16...
4       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA> MULTIPOLYGON (((104.064 10....
5       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA> MULTIPOLYGON (((-60.82119 9...
6       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA> MULTIPOLYGON (((12.43916 41...
7       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA> MULTIPOLYGON (((166.7458 -1...
8       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA> MULTIPOLYGON (((70.94678 42...
9       <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA> MULTIPOLYGON (((-53.37061 -...
10      <NA>      <NA>      <NA>      <NA> MULTIPOLYGON (((162.9832 5....

Preparando as bases

# MANIPULAÇÕES NO BANCO -----------

# OMS
who_trat <- who_bruto %>% 
  dplyr::select(WHO_region,Date_reported,Country,New_cases,Cumulative_cases, New_deaths)%>% 
  dplyr::group_by(WHO_region, Country) %>% # agrupando  (tabela dinamica)
  dplyr::summarise(Acumulado=max(Cumulative_cases, na.rm=T)) 

# Shape

## Renomeando a coluna para o join. 
## Renomeei usando o Rbase porque o dplyr não aceitou mais
names(mundo)[10] <- "Country"
mundo_trat <- mundo 

Join

covid_mundo_com_shape <- left_join(who_trat,  mundo_trat)
  • Vamos plotar?

Mas antes!

Vamos dar olhada num papa genérico.

ggplot(mundo)+
  geom_sf(aes(geometry=geometry))

  • Duas linhas!

Com nossos dados

ggplot(covid_mundo_com_shape,aes(geometry=geometry))+
  geom_sf(aes(fill=Acumulado ))+
  scale_fill_distiller(direction=1)+
  theme_map()

Uma melhoradinha nos números

eixo = function(x) format(x, big.mark = ".",
                          decimal.mark = ",",
                          scientific = FALSE)

ggplot(covid_mundo_com_shape,aes(geometry=geometry))+
  geom_sf(aes(fill=Acumulado ))+
  scale_fill_distiller(direction=1, label=eixo)+
  theme_map()

Notaram um probleminha?

  • Mundo:

    • Trabalhar códigos ISO
    • Ter um dicionário (e fazer um join)
names(mundo_trat)[45] <- "iso"
mundo_iso <- mundo_trat 

who_acumulado_iso <- who_bruto %>% 
  dplyr::group_by(Country_code) %>% #iso
  dplyr::summarise(Acumulado=max(Cumulative_cases, na.rm=T)) %>% 
  rename(iso=Country_code)

covid_mundo_com_shape_iso <- left_join(who_acumulado_iso, mundo_iso)

Firulas

covid_mundo_com_shape_iso2 <- covid_mundo_com_shape_iso %>% 
  mutate(Acumulado_cat = cut(Acumulado,
                           breaks=c(-1,17000,160000,1000000,
                                    max(covid_mundo_com_shape_iso$Acumulado, na.rm=T)+1),
                           labels=c("até 17 mil", "17 mil - 160 mil ", 
                                    "160 mil - 1 milhão", "acima de 1 milhão")))


paleta<-c('#feebe2','#fbb4b9','#f768a1','#ae017e')
ggplot(covid_mundo_com_shape_iso2, fill="white")+
  geom_sf(aes(geometry=geometry, fill=Acumulado_cat ), 
          color="purple", # cor da fronteira
              lwd=0.1) + # finura da fronteira
  scale_fill_manual(values=paleta, name="Casos Acumulados \n de covid-19  no Mundo")+
  theme_map()+
 theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = "lightblue"),
       legend.position = "bottom")+
  ggtitle("Um mapa bonito")#oceano

ggsave("mapa_rosa.png")

Obrigada!